Press release

 Skillz Announces Q3 2022 Results

0
Sponsored by Businesswire

Skillz Inc. (NYSE: SKLZ) (“Skillz” or the “Company”), the leading mobile games platform bringing fair competition to players worldwide, today announced financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2022.

Q3 Financial Update

​(Unaudited, in thousands, except ARPPU and percentages)

Three Months Ended

September 30, 2022

 

% Change Year

over Year

 

% Change

Quarter over

Quarter

Revenue

$

60,255

 

 

(41

) %

 

(18

) %

Gross Profit

$

52,700

 

 

(44

) %

 

(18

) %

Net Income (Loss)

$

(78,547

)

 

(255

) %

 

(30

) %

Adjusted EBITDA (2)

$

(15,401

)

 

63

%

 

51

%

Paying Monthly Active Users (PMAUs)

 

320

 

 

(37

) %

 

(24

) %

Monthly Average Revenue Per Paying User (ARPPU)

$

62.8

 

 

(6

) %

 

8

%

Cash, cash equivalents, and marketable securities as of 9/30/22

$

558,234

 

 

 

 

 

Debt outstanding as of 9/30/22

$

289,500

 

 

 

 

 

“This has been a challenging year for Skillz and though there is no quick fix, the path to re-accelerating growth is now well-defined across the Company. We have identified the things we can and cannot control and have a plan in place which focuses on four key pillars to enable us to return to durable growth and long-term profitability,” said Skillz CEO Andrew Paradise. “These include right-sizing the organization; enhancing the platform to improve customer success and engagement; re-hauling our go-to-market strategy; and, demonstrating a clear financial path to profitability,” concluded Paradise.

Q3 Business Update

  • Selected Play Mechanix’s ‘QB Shootout’ as winner of the NFL Developer Challenge.
  • Executed a $10.5 million debt buyback equal to 69.5% of the aggregate principal amount redeemed plus accrued and unpaid interest.
  • Restructured the organization to realign resources and reduce operating costs.
  • Recorded $47.6 million impairment of intangible assets related to the developed technology and customer relationships for our Aarki acquisition.
  • Re-opened San Francisco and opened Los Angeles offices.
  • Welcomed Vassily Filippov, former leader at Meta, Apple, and Riot Games, as Chief Technology Officer.
  • Welcomed Seth Schorr and Henry Hoffman to the Board of Directors.

_________________________________________

1 Sequentially refers to changes on a quarter-over-quarter basis between Q2 2022 and Q3 2022.

2 Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP metric; for a reconciliation of this measure against its most comparable GAAP metric, please see the appendix to this press release.

Financial Outlook

For the full year 2022, Skillz maintains its guidance of:

FY22

Revenue

$ 275 Million

Adjusted EBITDA Margin

(56) %

Investor Conference Call

A live question and answer conference call and audio webcast with analysts and investors will begin today at 5:30 p.m. Eastern Time (ET).

The Q&A conference call can be accessed by registering online for the Skillz Webcast, at which time registrants will receive dial-in information as well as a passcode and registrant ID. At the time of the call, participants will dial in using the numbers in the confirmation email and enter their passcode and ID, upon which they will enter the conference call. Access to a live audio-webcast of the discussion in listen-only mode will be available at https://investors.skillz.com.

A replay and transcript of the webcast will be archived on the Company’s investor relations website. An audio replay of the Q&A conference call will be available through November 9, 2022 and can be accessed by dialing 1 929 458 6194 (US) or +44 204 525 0658 (international) and entering the passcode 411469.

About Skillz Inc.

Skillz is the leading mobile games platform dedicated to bringing out the best in everyone through competition. The Skillz platform helps developers create multi-million dollar franchises by enabling social competition in their games. Leveraging its patented technology, Skillz hosts billions of casual esports tournaments for millions of mobile players worldwide, with the goal of building the home of competition for all. Skillz has earned recognition as one of Fast Company’s Best Workplaces for Innovators, CNBC’s Disruptor 50, Forbes’ Next Billion-Dollar Startups, Fast Company’s Most Innovative Companies, and the number-one fastest-growing company in America on the Inc. 5000. www.skillz.com

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In this press release, the Company includes Adjusted EBITDA, which is a non-GAAP performance measure that the Company uses to supplement its results presented in accordance with U.S. GAAP. As required by the rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), the Company has provided herein a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to the most directly comparable measures under GAAP. The Company’s management believes Adjusted EBITDA is useful in evaluating its operating performance and is a similar measure reported by publicly-listed U.S. competitors, and regularly used by security analysts, institutional investors, and other interested parties in analyzing operating performance and prospects. By providing this non-GAAP measure, the Company’s management intends to provide investors with a meaningful, consistent comparison of the Company’s profitability for the periods presented. Adjusted EBITDA is not intended to be substitutes for any U.S. GAAP financial measures and, as calculated, may not be comparable to other similarly titled measures of performance of other companies in other industries or within the same industry. The Company defines and calculates Adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) before interest, other non-operating income or expense, provision for (benefit from) income taxes, and depreciation and amortization, and further adjusted for stock-based compensation and other special items determined by management, including, but not limited to, fair value adjustments for certain financial liabilities associated with debt and equity transactions, impairment charges, acquisition related expenses for transaction costs, certain loss contingency accruals and restructuring charges. The Company does not provide a reconciliation for non-GAAP estimates on a forward-looking basis as it is unable to provide a meaningful calculation or estimation of reconciling items and the information is not available without unreasonable effort. This is due to the inherent difficulty of forecasting the timing or amount of various items that would impact the most directly comparable forward-looking U.S. GAAP financial measure that have not yet occurred, are out of the Company’s control and/or cannot be reasonably predicted. Forward-looking non-GAAP financial measures provided without the most directly comparable U.S. GAAP financial measures may vary materially from the corresponding U.S. GAAP financial measures.

Forward-Looking Statements

This press release includes “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the “safe harbor” provisions of the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. The Company’s actual results may differ from its expectations, estimates, and projections and, consequently, you should not rely on these forward-looking statements as predictions of future events. Words such as “expect,” “estimate,” “project,” “budget,” “forecast,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “may,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “believes,” “predicts,” “potential,” “continue,” and similar expressions (or the negative versions of such words or expressions) are intended to identify such forward-looking statements.

These forward-looking statements involve significant risks and uncertainties that could cause the Company’s actual results to differ materially from those discussed in the forward-looking statements. Most of these factors are outside of the Company’s control and are difficult to predict. Factors that may cause such differences include, but are not limited to, the ability of Skillz to: effectively compete in the global entertainment and gaming industries; attract and retain successful relationships with the third party developers that develop and update all of the games hosted on Skillz’s platform; comply with laws and regulations applicable to its business; and as well as other risks and uncertainties indicated from time to time in the Company’s SEC filings, including those under “Risk Factors” therein, which are available on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. Additional information will be made available in other filings that the Company makes from time to time with the SEC. In addition, any forward-looking statements contained in this press release are based on assumptions that the Company believes to be reasonable as of this date. The Company undertakes no obligation to update any forward-looking statements to reflect events or circumstances after the date of this press release or to reflect new information or the occurrence of unanticipated events, except as required by law.

Skillz Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)

(Unaudited, in thousands, except for number of shares and per share amounts)

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

2022

 

 

 

2021

 

 

 

2022

 

 

 

2021

 

Revenue

$

60,255

 

 

$

102,072

 

 

$

227,028

 

 

$

275,240

 

Costs and expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cost of revenue

 

7,555

 

 

 

7,647

 

 

 

25,840

 

 

 

16,289

 

Research and development

 

8,354

 

 

 

13,162

 

 

 

45,536

 

 

 

30,584

 

Sales and marketing

 

51,773

 

 

 

114,531

 

 

 

242,290

 

 

 

310,377

 

General and administrative

 

20,280

 

 

 

48,376

 

 

 

139,784

 

 

 

101,092

 

Impairment of intangible assets

 

47,581

 

 

 

 

 

 

47,581

 

 

 

 

Total costs and expenses

 

135,543

 

 

 

183,716

 

 

 

501,031

 

 

 

458,342

 

Loss from operations

 

(75,288

)

 

 

(81,644

)

 

 

(274,003

)

 

 

(183,102

)

Interest expense, net

 

(3,807

)

 

 

(87

)

 

 

(19,560

)

 

 

(136

)

Change in fair value of common stock warrant liabilities

 

(80

)

 

 

113,601

 

 

 

5,405

 

 

 

81,898

 

Other income (expense), net

 

508

 

 

 

(22

)

 

 

399

 

 

 

108

 

Income (loss) before income taxes

 

(78,667

)

 

 

31,848

 

 

 

(287,759

)

 

 

(101,232

)

Benefit from income taxes

 

(120

)

 

 

(18,933

)

 

 

(488

)

 

 

(18,826

)

Net income (loss)

$

(78,547

)

 

$

50,781

 

 

$

(287,271

)

 

$

(82,406

)

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders – basic

$

(0.19

)

 

$

0.13

 

 

$

(0.70

)

 

$

(0.22

)

Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic

 

413,834,082

 

 

 

395,053,445

 

 

 

407,926,348

 

 

 

379,450,553

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net loss attributable to common stockholders – diluted

$

(78,547

)

 

$

(62,820

)

 

$

(287,271

)

 

$

(164,304

)

Net loss per share attributable to common stockholders – diluted

$

(0.19

)

 

$

(0.16

)

 

$

(0.70

)

 

$

(0.43

)

Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted

 

413,834,082

 

 

 

396,030,131

 

 

 

407,926,348

 

 

 

385,451,806

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Other comprehensive income (loss):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Change in unrealized loss on available-for-sale investments, net of tax

 

139

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,484

)

 

 

 

Total other comprehensive income (loss):

 

139

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2,484

)

 

 

 

Comprehensive income (loss)

$

(78,408

)

 

$

50,781

 

 

$

(289,755

)

 

$

(82,406

)

 

Skillz Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets

(Unaudited, in thousands, except for number of shares and par value per share amounts)

 

September 30,

 

December 31,

 

2022

 

 

 

2021

 

Assets

 

 

 

Current assets:

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

$

239,852

 

 

$

241,332

 

Marketable securities, current

 

225,126

 

 

 

319,055

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

9,001

 

 

 

13,497

 

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

 

18,467

 

 

 

16,704

 

Total current assets

 

492,446

 

 

 

590,588

 

Property and equipment, net

 

7,247

 

 

 

9,988

 

Operating lease right-of-use assets, net

 

13,366

 

 

 

14,511

 

Marketable securities, non-current

 

93,256

 

 

 

182,629

 

Non-marketable equity securities

 

55,649

 

 

 

55,649

 

Intangible assets, net

 

20,289

 

 

 

79,137

 

Goodwill

 

86,436

 

 

 

86,845

 

Other long-term assets

 

3,725

 

 

 

3,478

 

Total assets

$

772,414

 

 

$

1,022,825

 

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

 

Current liabilities:

 

Accounts payable

$

4,898

 

 

$

19,753

 

Operating lease liabilities, current

 

2,434

 

 

 

2,110

 

Other current liabilities

 

45,890

 

 

 

64,969

 

Total current liabilities

 

53,222

 

 

 

86,832

 

Operating lease liabilities, non-current

 

12,348

 

 

 

13,567

 

Common stock warrant liabilities, non-current

 

888

 

 

 

6,293

 

Long-term debt, non-current

 

271,968

 

 

 

278,889

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

1,687

 

 

 

13,544

 

Total liabilities

 

340,113

 

 

 

399,125

 

Commitments and contingencies

 

 

 

Stockholders’ equity:

 

Preferred stock $0.0001 par value; 10 million shares authorized — 0 issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock $0.0001 par value; 625 million shares authorized; Class A common stock – 500 million shares authorized; 351 million and 340 million shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021, respectively; Class B common stock – 125 million shares authorized; 69 million shares issued and outstanding as of September 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021

 

41

 

 

 

40

 

Additional paid-in capital

 

1,141,955

 

 

 

1,043,600

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(2,732

)

 

 

(248

)

Accumulated deficit

 

(706,963

)

 

 

(419,692

)

Total stockholders’ equity

 

432,301

 

 

 

623,700

 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

$

772,414

 

 

$

1,022,825

 

 

Skillz Inc.

Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(Unaudited, in thousands)

 

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

2022

 

 

 

2021

 

Operating Activities

 

 

 

Net loss

$

(287,271

)

 

$

(82,406

)

Adjustment to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

15,971

 

 

 

6,093

 

Stock-based compensation

 

97,567

 

 

 

42,531

 

Gain on extinguishment of debt

 

(2,553

)

 

 

 

Accretion of unamortized debt discount and amortization of debt issuance costs

 

2,930

 

 

 

28

 

Amortization of premium (accretion of discount) for marketable securities

 

2,819

 

 

 

 

Deferred income taxes

 

(479

)

 

 

(18,825

)

Change in fair value of common stock warrant liabilities

 

(5,405

)

 

 

(81,898

)

Impairment of intangible assets

 

47,581

 

 

 

 

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

 

 

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

4,496

 

 

 

975

 

Prepaid expenses and other assets

 

(2,247

)

 

 

(7,217

)

Operating lease right-of-use assets

 

1,145

 

 

 

(15,045

)

Accounts payable

 

(14,020

)

 

 

(3,445

)

Loss contingency accrual

 

(4,605

)

 

 

11,557

 

Operating lease liabilities

 

(895

)

 

 

16,118

 

Other accruals and liabilities

 

(21,818

)

 

 

28,208

 

Net cash used in operating activities

 

(166,784

)

 

 

(103,326

)

Investing Activities

 

 

 

Purchases of property and equipment, including internal-use software

 

(1,957

)

 

 

(2,068

)

Investment in non-marketable equity securities

 

 

 

 

(54,748

)

Purchases of marketable securities

 

(432,873

)

 

 

 

Proceeds from sales of marketable securities

 

125,306

 

 

 

 

Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities

 

485,565

 

 

 

 

Cash paid for business acquisition, net of cash acquired

 

 

 

 

(83,987

)

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

 

176,041

 

 

 

(140,803

)

Financing Activities

 

 

 

Principal payments on finance leases obligations

 

(2,044

)

 

 

(946

)

Payments for debt issuance costs

 

(2,005

)

 

 

 

Payments for extinguishment of debt

 

(7,540

)

 

 

 

Proceeds from issuance of common stock in follow-on offering, net of underwriting commissions, and offering costs

 

 

 

 

402,139

 

Payments made towards deferred offering costs

 

 

 

 

(13,221

)

Net proceeds from exercise of stock options and issuance of common stock

 

852

 

 

 

3,166

 

Proceeds from exercise of common stock warrants, net of redemptions

 

 

 

 

130,571

 

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

 

(10,737

)

 

 

521,709

 

Net change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

 

(1,480

)

 

 

277,580

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash – beginning of year

 

244,252

 

 

 

265,648

 

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash – end of period

$

242,772

 

 

$

543,228

 

 

Skillz Inc.

Reconciliation of GAAP Net Income (Loss) to Adjusted EBITDA

(Unaudited, in thousands)

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

2022

 

 

 

2021

 

 

 

2022

 

 

 

2021

 

Net income (loss)

$

(78,547

)

 

$

50,781

 

 

$

(287,271

)

 

$

(82,406

)

Interest expense(5)

 

3,807

 

 

 

87

 

 

 

19,560

 

 

 

136

 

Stock-based compensation(3)

 

5,822

 

 

 

15,812

 

 

 

97,567

 

 

 

42,531

 

Change in fair value of common stock warrant liabilities

 

80

 

 

 

(113,601

)

 

 

(5,405

)

 

 

(81,898

)

Benefit from income taxes

 

(120

)

 

 

(18,933

)

 

 

(488

)

 

 

(18,826

)

Depreciation and amortization

 

4,587

 

 

 

4,991

 

 

 

15,971

 

 

 

6,093

 

Other expense (income), net

 

(508

)

 

 

22

 

 

 

(399

)

 

 

(108

)

Acquisition related expenses(8)

 

 

 

 

6,039

 

 

 

 

 

 

6,999

 

Loss contingency accrual(7)

 

 

 

 

11,557

 

 

 

 

 

 

11,557

 

Restructuring charges(4)

 

1,897

 

 

 

 

 

 

4,830

 

 

 

 

Impairment of intangible assets(6)

 

47,581

 

 

 

 

 

 

47,581

 

 

 

 

One-time nonrecurring expenses(1) (2)

 

 

 

 

1,504

 

 

 

26

 

 

 

11,930

 

Adjusted EBITDA

$

(15,401

)

 

$

(41,741

)

 

$

(108,028

)

 

$

(103,992

)

(1) For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, amounts represent one-time nonrecurring expenses related to IPO bonuses for certain employees, net of amounts forfeited by terminated employees.

(2) For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, amounts represent one-time nonrecurring expenses related to the follow-on offering, Aarki acquisition, and executive severance expense.

(3) For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, amount includes stock-based compensation recorded for the cancellation of the Chief Executive Officer’s award of 16,119,640 performance share units granted on September 14, 2021 (the “CEO Performance Stock Units”).

(4) For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, amount includes restructuring charges related to employee termination benefits.

(5) For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, amount includes $2.6 million gain on extinguishment of debt for our 2021 senior secured notes.

(6) For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, amount includes intangible asset impairment charges related to developed technology and customer relationships for our Aarki acquisition.

(7) For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, amounts represent a loss contingency accrual related to a litigation matter relating to a former employee.

(8) For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, amounts represent acquisition related expenses for our Aarki acquisition.

 

Skillz Inc.

Reconciliation of GAAP to Non-GAAP Operating Expenses

(Unaudited, in thousands)

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

2022

 

 

 

2021

 

 

 

2022

 

 

 

2021

 

Research and development

$

8,354

 

 

$

13,162

 

 

$

45,536

 

 

$

30,584

 

Less: stock-based compensation(7)

 

1,953

 

 

 

(1,814

)

 

 

(3,557

)

 

 

(5,237

)

Less: one-time nonrecurring expenses(3)

 

 

 

 

(139

)

 

 

 

 

 

(416

)

Less: restructuring charges(4)

 

(1,075

)

 

 

 

 

 

(2,052

)

 

 

 

Non-GAAP research and development

$

9,232

 

 

$

11,209

 

 

$

39,927

 

 

$

24,931

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales and marketing

$

51,773

 

 

$

114,531

 

 

$

242,290

 

 

$

310,377

 

Less: stock-based compensation

 

(2,143

)

 

 

(1,637

)

 

 

(6,664

)

 

 

(6,025

)

Less: one-time nonrecurring expenses(3)

 

 

 

 

(131

)

 

 

 

 

 

(394

)

Less: restructuring charges(4)

 

(160

)

 

 

 

 

 

(1,066

)

 

 

 

Non-GAAP sales and marketing

$

49,470

 

 

$

112,763

 

 

$

234,560

 

 

$

303,958

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

General and administrative

$

20,280

 

 

$

48,376

 

 

$

139,784

 

 

$

101,092

 

Less: stock-based compensation(1)

 

(5,632

)

 

 

(12,361

)

 

 

(87,346

)

 

 

(31,269

)

Less: loss contingency accrual(5)

 

 

 

 

(11,557

)

 

 

 

 

 

(11,557

)

Less: acquisition related expenses(6)

 

 

 

 

(6,039

)

 

 

 

 

 

(6,999

)

Less: one-time nonrecurring expenses(2) (3)

 

 

 

 

(1,234

)

 

 

(26

)

 

 

(11,120

)

Less: restructuring charges(4)

 

(662

)

 

 

 

 

 

(1,712

)

 

 

 

Non-GAAP general and administrative

$

13,986

 

 

$

17,185

 

 

$

50,700

 

 

$

40,147

 

(1) For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, amount includes stock-based compensation recognized for the cancellation of the CEO Performance Stock Units.

(2) For the nine months ended September 30, 2022, amounts represent one-time nonrecurring expenses related to IPO bonuses for certain employees, net of amounts forfeited by terminated employees.

(3) For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, amounts represent transaction expenses related to the follow-on offering.

(4) For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2022, amount includes restructuring charges related to employee termination benefits.

(5) For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, amounts represent a loss contingency accrual related to a litigation matter relating to a former employee.

(6) For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2021, amounts represent acquisition-related expenses for our Aarki acquisition.

(7) For the three months ended September 30, 2022, amount includes stock compensation credits recognized for the forfeitures of the CPO and other restricted stock units.

 

Skillz Inc.

Supplemental Financial Information

(Unaudited)

 

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

 

 

2022

 

 

 

2021

 

 

 

2022

 

 

 

2021

 

Gross marketplace volume (“GMV”) (000s) (1)

$

360,364

 

 

$

610,935

 

 

$

1,344,707

 

 

$

1,786,118

 

Paying monthly active users (“PMAUs”) (000s)(2)

 

320

 

 

 

509

 

 

 

437

 

 

 

480

 

Monthly active users (“MAUs”) (000s)(3)

 

1,665

 

 

 

2,985

 

 

 

2,376

 

 

 

2,692

 

Average GMV per paying monthly active user (4)

 

375.6

 

 

 

399.8

 

 

 

342.1

 

 

 

413.6

 

Average GMV per monthly active user (5)

 

72.1

 

 

 

68.2

 

 

 

62.9

 

 

 

73.7

 

Average revenue per paying monthly active user (“ARPPU”)(6)

 

62.8

 

 

 

66.8

 

 

 

58.5

 

 

 

63.6

 

Average revenue per monthly active user (“ARPU”)(7)

 

12.1

 

 

 

11.4

 

 

 

10.9

 

 

 

11.4

 

Paying MAU to MAU ratio

 

19

%

 

 

17

%

 

 

19

%

 

 

18

%

Average end-user incentives, included as sales and marketing expense, per paying active user (8)

 

24.83

 

 

 

32.71

 

 

 

24.51

 

 

 

30.31

 

Average end-user incentives, included as sales and marketing expense, per playing active user (9)

 

4.77

 

 

 

5.58

 

 

 

4.50

 

 

 

5.40

 

(1) “GMV” or “Gross Marketplace Volume” means the total entry fees paid by users for contests hosted on Skillz’s platform. Total entry fees include entry fees paid by end-users using cash deposits, prior winnings from end-users’ accounts that have not been withdrawn, and end-user incentives used to enter paid entry fee contests.

(2) “Paying Monthly Active Users” or “PMAUs” means the number of end-users who entered into a paid contest hosted on Skillz’s platform at least once in a month, averaged over each month in the period.

(3) “Monthly Active Users” or “MAUs” means the number of playing end-users who entered into a paid or free contest hosted on Skillz’s platform at least once in a month, averaged over each month in the period.

(4) “Average GMV Per Paying Monthly Active User” means the average GMV in a given month divided by Paying MAUs in that month, averaged over the period.

(5) “Average GMV Per Monthly Active User” means the average GMV in a given month divided by MAUs in that month, averaged over the period.

(6) “Average Revenue Per Paying Monthly Active User” or “ARPPU” means the average revenue in a given month divided by Paying MAUs in that month, averaged over the period and does not include a deduction for end-user incentives that are included in sales and marketing expense.

(7) “Average Revenue Per Monthly Active User” or “ARPU” means the average revenue in a given month divided by MAUs in that month, averaged over the period and does not include a deduction for end-user incentives that are included in sales and marketing expense.

(8) Amount reflects the average end-user incentives included in sales and marketing expense in a given month divided by PMAUs in that month, averaged over the period.

(9) Amount reflects the average end-user incentives included in sales and marketing expense in a given month divided by MAUs in that month, averaged over the period.